Mechanical and durability performance of lightweight concrete (LWC) from colombian thermally expanded clay aggregates

Comportamiento mecánico y de durabilidad de concreto ligero (CL) con agregados de arcilla colombiana expandida térmicamente


Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22517/23447214.24726

Palabras clave:

Chloride penetration resistance, Colombian thermally expanded clay, Compressive strength, Concrete, Lightweight concrete (LWC), Durability, Mechanical properties

Resumen

El concreto liviano (CL) se ha convertido en un material destacado en el sector de la construcción para conformar elementos estructurales y no estructurales en las edificaciones. El agregado de arcilla expandida es un tipo especial de agregado liviano formado al calentar arcilla con poco o ningún contenido de cal, exhibiendo un peso unitario bajo, alta durabilidad y resistencia mecánica. A pesar del uso masivo del agregado ligero de arcilla expandida en todo el mundo, su uso en el contexto colombiano aún es limitado. Este estudio pretende reportar la caracterización del comportamiento del concreto ligero aficionado con agregados de arcilla expandida colombianos. Se llevó un cabo de ensayos de laboratorio en estado fresco (asentamiento) y estado soportado (resistencia a la compresión, densidad bulk y migración de cloruros) del concreto liviano adicionado con 12.5%, 25%, 37.5% y 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida por peso del agregado convencional. Se encontró que la inclusión de hasta 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida causa en el concreto liviano reducción de 15% de la trabajabilidad, reducción de 36% de la resistencia a la compresión, reducción del 22% en la densidad bulk y reducción del 34% en el coeficiente de migración del ion cloruro. El concreto liviano adicionado con 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida cumple los requisitos de concreto liviano prescritos en el reglamento de construcción ACI 318 en términos de resistencia a la compresión, esto es, límite inferior de 17 MPa, y peso unitario de 1770 kg /metro 5% y 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida por peso del agregado convencional. Se encontró que la inclusión de hasta 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida causa en el concreto liviano reducción de 15% de la trabajabilidad, reducción de 36% de la resistencia a la compresión, reducción del 22% en la densidad bulk y reducción del 34% en el coeficiente de migración del ion cloruro. El concreto liviano adicionado con 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida cumple los requisitos de concreto liviano prescritos en el reglamento de construcción ACI 318 en términos de resistencia a la compresión, esto es, límite inferior de 17 MPa, y peso unitario de 1770 kg /metro 5% y 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida por peso del agregado convencional. Se encontró que la inclusión de hasta 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida causa en el concreto liviano reducción de 15% de la trabajabilidad, reducción de 36% de la resistencia a la compresión, reducción del 22% en la densidad bulk y reducción del 34% en el coeficiente de migración del ion cloruro. El concreto liviano adicionado con 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida cumple los requisitos de concreto liviano prescritos en el reglamento de construcción ACI 318 en términos de resistencia a la compresión, esto es, límite inferior de 17 MPa, y peso unitario de 1770 kg /metro Se encontró que la inclusión de hasta 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida causa en el concreto liviano reducción de 15% de la trabajabilidad, reducción de 36% de la resistencia a la compresión, reducción del 22% en la densidad bulk y reducción del 34% en el coeficiente de migración del ion cloruro. El concreto liviano adicionado con 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida cumple los requisitos de concreto liviano prescritos en el reglamento de construcción ACI 318 en términos de resistencia a la compresión, esto es, límite inferior de 17 MPa, y peso unitario de 1770 kg /metro Se encontró que la inclusión de hasta 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida causa en el concreto liviano reducción de 15% de la trabajabilidad, reducción de 36% de la resistencia a la compresión, reducción del 22% en la densidad bulk y reducción del 34% en el coeficiente de migración del ion cloruro. El concreto liviano adicionado con 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida cumple los requisitos de concreto liviano prescritos en el reglamento de construcción ACI 318 en términos de resistencia a la compresión, esto es, límite inferior de 17 MPa, y peso unitario de 1770 kg /metro3 a 1840 kg/m 3 . A partir de los resultados, se concluye que el uso del agregado de arcilla expandida de fuentes colombianas adicionado en hasta 50% por peso de agregado convencional es adecuado para la fabricación de concreto ligero estructural; a altos niveles de reemplazo del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida, la densidad bulk y la resistencia a la penetración del ion cloruro del concreto liviano mejoran exhibiendo una trabajabilidad y resistencia mecánica tolerables.

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Biografía del autor/a

Camilo Higuera-Flórez, Sr, Universidad Católica de Colombia

Camilo Higuera Flórez received the degree of Civil Engineering in 2012 from Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, and Master in Structural Engineering in 2017 from Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. He is currently professor and researcher in the Faculty of Engineering at Universidad Catolica de Colombia.

Jhon Cárdenas-Pulido, Sr, Universidad Católica de Colombia

Jhon Cárdenas-Pulido received the degree of Civil Engineering in 2013 from the Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, UMNG, Colombia, and Master in Civil Engineering (area of structures and earthquakes) in 2017 from the Universidad de los Andes, Colombia. He is currently professor and researcher in the Faculty of Engineering at Universidad Catolica de Colombia. 

Adriana Vargas-Aguilar, CPT, Escuela Militar de Cadetes General José María Córdova

CPT Adriana Vargas Aguilar is officer of the Administrative Corp of the National Army, in the rank of captain, Civil Engineer from Universidad Santo Tomas, and Specialist in Civil Engineering with emphasis on Structural Engineering from Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito. She has extensive experience in tasks related to the planning, design, execution, and management of infrastructure projects, and is empowered to carry out research work based on the formulation of hypotheses and the elaboration of analytical frameworks and application of models. 

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Publicado

2022-09-30

Cómo citar

Higuera-Flórez, C., Cárdenas-Pulido, J., & Vargas-Aguilar, A. (2022). Mechanical and durability performance of lightweight concrete (LWC) from colombian thermally expanded clay aggregates: Comportamiento mecánico y de durabilidad de concreto ligero (CL) con agregados de arcilla colombiana expandida térmicamente . Scientia Et Technica, 27(3), 167–176. https://doi.org/10.22517/23447214.24726