Aplication of Robson’s method in cesarean sections characterization, in a third level hospital at Pereira

Abstract

Objective: The increase in number of caesarean sections is associated
with maternal morbidity and mortality. The Robson model, used
to identify groups with higher contributions at cesarean rates, was
applied in a tertiary hospital to characterize groups of patients with
highest percentage of cesarean section, describe obstetric causes and
maternal and fetal outcomes.
Materials and methods: Descriptive historical cohort study
conducted in a highly complex hospital. Of 2053 pregnant women,
667 were included (32.4%) from January-December 2014, with
complete data in the clinical history. They were excluded when there
was no information to fill out the data collection format. A descriptive
analysis was carried out using the SPSS 20-Excel 2010 programs. The
Robson model was used to calculate the size and proportion of each
group at the general cesarean rate and causes of cesarean, maternal
and neonatal outcomes were described. The study was approved by
the Hospital Ethics Committee.
Results: The Robson groups that contributed the most were 5 and
10, with proportions over the total cesarean sections of 25.5% and
11.2%, respectively. Prior cesarean section and commitment to fetal
well-being were the main causes. 99 patients presented complications
related to cesarean section, puerperal infection was more frequent
(6.9%). 173 newborns required a neonatal unit, with respiratory
distress as the main complication (44%)
Conclusions: The descriptive analysis and the Robson model allowed
to group the patients in groups 2, 5 and 10, besides they showed
maternal and fetal complications consistent with